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There are many similarities between the Ohio Military Reserve and their federal service counterparts. However, because the OHMR is a smaller state agency with a limited scope of operations, it's access to funding and resources is also very limited. The table below shows some of the more noteworthy differences between the main Army branches.
| FEDERAL SERVICE | STATE SERVICE | |||
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| US Army | US Army Reserves | Ohio Army National Guard | Ohio Military Reserve | |
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| MISSION | National Defense, International Peacekeeping, Disaster Response | Disaster Response, Security, Civil & Medical Support | ||
| TYPES OF TRAINING | Combat Operations, Combat Lifesaving, Anti-Terror, Homeland Security, Search & Rescue, Disaster Response, MOS Qualifications | FEMA Incident Command System, Mass Care / Shelter Management, Logistics, Points-of-Distribution, Volunteer Reception, Light Search & Rescue, Land Navigation, MOS Qualifications, First Aid, CPR/AED | ||
| BASIC TRAINING DURATION (LOCATION) | 10 weeks (GA, SC, MO, OK, KY) | 1 week (Columbus, Port Clinton) | ||
| TRAINING COURSES | BCT, WLC (PLDC), BOLC/OCS, WOB, BNCOC, ANCOC, 1SGC, AIT, SGITC, other advanced duty courses | BELT, PLDC, BOC/OCS, BNCOC, ANCOC, 1SGC, SGITC, FEMA, CER | ||
| FIREARMS TRAINING | YES | NO | ||
| MILITARY OCCUPATIONAL SPECIALTY (MOS) | Many, including: Infantry, Engineering, Artillery, Aviation, Armor, Signal, Intelligence, Medical, Chemical, Logistics, Transportation, etc. | Military Security Specialist, Military Emergency Management Specialist (MEMS) | ||
| AREA OF OPERATION (AO) | Global | Global & State | State | |
| COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF | President | President & Governor | Governor | |
| HIGHEST RANKING MILITARY OFFICER | CJCS | CJCS & TAG | TAG | |
| COMPENSATION | Paycheck twice per month based upon pay grade. | No pay for training or drills. Pay authorized when activated and based upon pay grade. | ||
| EMPLOYMENT PROTECTION | none needed with full-time active duty | USERRA, ESGR, plus 15 days paid leave for permanent public employees under U.S.C. title 5, chapter 6323a and 22 additional days paid leave (ORC 5923.05) | 22 days paid leave for public employees (ORC 5923.05), protection from unlawful discriminatory practices (ORC 4112.02) | |
| MEDICAL COVERAGE | VA Medical System, Tri-Care | Ohio Bureau of Workers Compensation (BWC) | ||
| TERM OF ENLISTMENT | 8 years (minimum) |
3 years (minimum)
Early discharge authorized if seeking to enlist in federal service. One year minimum service for prior federal service personnel.
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| DUTY SCHEDULE | Full-Time Active Duty | Part-Time Active Duty or Battle Assembly (1 weekend p/mo & 2 weeks p/yr Annual Training) | 1 weekend p/mo and 2 weeks per year Annual Training | 1 weekend p/mo and 1 week per year Annual Training |
| UNIFORMS | Army Combat Uniform (OCP) & Army Service Uniform (ASU) | Army Combat Uniform (OCP) & Army Service Uniform (ASU) | ||
| MILITARY LAW |
Uniform Code of Military Justice (United States Code - title 10, subtitle A, part II, chapter 47) |
Ohio Code of Military Justice (Ohio Revised Code - chapter 5924) |
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| AUTHORITY | Department of Defense | United States Code Title 32 & Ohio Revised Code 5919 | United States Code Title 32 & Ohio Revised Code 5920 & NGB Reg 10-4 | |
